Which chemical is commonly used for disinfection in wastewater treatment?

Calcium hypochlorite is commonly used for disinfection in wastewater treatment due to its strong oxidizing properties that effectively kill bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Being a chlorine compound, it releases free chlorine when dissolved in water, which is highly effective in oxidizing organic materials and disinfecting water. The advantages of calcium hypochlorite include its stability, relatively easy handling, and effectiveness in various water conditions, making it a popular choice for both municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities.

In contrast, sodium bicarbonate primarily acts as a buffering agent and is not utilized for disinfection purposes. Ammonium sulfate serves as a fertilizer and has no role in disinfection. Ferric chloride is primarily used for coagulation and sedimentation processes in wastewater treatment and is also not effective as a disinfectant. Thus, the choice of calcium hypochlorite as a disinfection chemical is well-supported by its proven efficacy and essential function in ensuring that treated wastewater is safe for discharge or reuse.