What is a primary limitation of low pressure sprays in overland flow systems?

The primary limitation of low pressure sprays in overland flow systems is that the nozzles are subject to plugging. This is a significant concern because low pressure spray systems typically rely on small orifices to distribute wastewater evenly over an area. When these nozzles become clogged due to debris, biofilm, or precipitates in the wastewater, the efficiency of the system is compromised. Clogged nozzles can lead to uneven application of the wastewater, resulting in inadequate treatment of the area and potential environmental issues.

Additionally, if a nozzle fails to spray properly due to plugging, it can lead to over-application in areas serviced by functional nozzles and under-application in other areas, disrupting the desired flow and treatment processes. This requires consistent maintenance and monitoring of the spray system to ensure optimal operation and effectiveness. Systems must be designed with consideration of the properties of the wastewater to minimize clogging and maintain performance, which can add to the operational complexity and maintenance effort needed for low pressure spray systems.